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The true cornerstone of the AI era: TBC transcends the account model and embraces the evolving UTXO.

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2025-08-11 18:41

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In the past, we marveled at "what AI can do"; now, we must ponder: "How can AIs collaborate seamlessly? How can we achieve accurate pricing? How can we establish trustless mechanisms?"

The core of the answer may lie deep within the choice of the underlying architecture of the blockchain: should we continue with the account model that dominates DeFi, or should we return to and innovate the previously underestimated UTXO model? As AI evolves from a tool to a participant in the collaborative network, the underlying logic of the world is being reshaped, and the evolving UTXO model, especially the groundbreaking practices realized by the TBC public chain, is showing great potential as the cornerstone of future AI collaborative networks.

1. The Ledger Debate: What is the Essential Difference Between Account Models and UTXO Models?

· Account Model ( like Ethereum, BSC): Like a bank account system. Each user has a balance state, and transactions modify this global state. The advantage is that developing complex smart contracts is relatively intuitive.

· UTXO model ( is like a cash transaction system, such as Bitcoin, TBC): Each transaction consumes old "cash" (UTXO) and generates new "cash". Transactions are independently verified without relying on global state.

Although account models are popular, their inherent flaws such as serial processing (transactions must be queued), state coupling (one error can affect the entire system), state explosion (unlimited data growth leading to uncontrolled Gas), and difficulties in audit tracing, have increasingly highlighted bottlenecks in the face of the demands for high-frequency, multi-module, and fine-grained interactions in the AI era.

The inherent advantages of the UTXO model—high concurrency (transactions can be verified in parallel), low coupling (state independence), traceability (clear input and output for each transaction), and simplicity—provide the potential underlying structure for building an efficient and reliable AI collaboration network.

2. AI Collaboration Paradigm: New Demands for Modular Invocation and Value Flow

We are stepping into the "Modular AI Era":

· Single giant models are dismantled: specialized modules for text generation, emotion recognition, image stylization, video synthesis, etc. emerge.

· Lego-style modular invocation: Tasks require multiple AI modules to be dynamically combined, dismantled, and recombined like building blocks.

· High-frequency, micro, instant payments: Each call requires instant, low-cost payment, and model providers and data contributors need to receive profit sharing in real-time and fairly.

· Transparent, trustworthy, and auditable: The invocation process, data flow, and value distribution must be fully traceable, verifiable, and tamper-proof.

This has gone far beyond "using tools"; it is about building an "intelligent society that collaborates with AI." Its core requires an underlying infrastructure that can support high-frequency microtransactions, has clear and independent states, possesses strong native smart contract capabilities, and has controllable costs. This is precisely the revolutionary evolution direction achieved by the UTXO model, especially the TBC public chain.