In-depth Analysis: The Evolution and Pros and Cons of MEV Landscape on Solana

Introduction

Solana has been running for five years, while Jito(, the leader in MEV infrastructure on Solana, has developed from a 15% market share to 95% in less than three years. Now, most Meme transactions on Solana have to go through it. Let us delve into the underlying principles and gradually reveal:

1. The essence of Jito-solana and the reasons for its rapid market capture.
2. Differences between Solana and Ethereum core mechanisms
3. The Root of the Trapped Transaction
4. The development trend of the future MEV landscape in Solana

![Ten Thousand Words Interpreting the Evolution and Controversies of MEV on Solana])https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-9b85ee02a52103382d29728f8ad52bb1.webp(

1. Jito-solana Analysis

) 1.1 The development history of Jito

The rapid development of Jito since its establishment at the end of 2021:

• Launched on the mainnet in June 2022, covering 15% of the staking amount by September.
• Financing, iteration and collaboration with the Solana Foundation in 2022-2023
• 2023 TGE, launching staking to earn MEV收益模式
• Close the transaction channel to jito-blockengine in Q1 2024
• Over 500 collaborative validators in Q2 2024, covering 70% of MEV
• The staking coverage rate reached 94.71% in Q1 2025

![A Comprehensive Analysis of the Evolution of MEV on Solana and Its Merits and Demerits]###https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-d6503f555e8621427d1607848acfa5d7.webp(

) 1.2 Jito System Architecture

Jito consists of three core services:

1. block-engine: auction system, handling Bundle transactions
2. jito-solana: Replace validator client, prioritize processing Bundle transactions
3. jito-relayer: Validator Gateway, receives transactions and forwards them.

1.3 Jito System Revenue Analysis

Past year:

• Total Bundle transactions 4.3 billion
• Total Tips fee 5.51 million SOL ### approximately 770 million USD (
• Jito platform revenue is approximately 35 million USD ) 3-5% profit sharing (

) 1.4 Application Scenarios Supported by Jito

Main types of MEV attacks:

• Frontrun: Arbitrage, Sandwich Attack, etc.
• Backrun: DEX arbitrage, liquidation following, oracle delay, etc.

Other applications: Meme opening, large transaction protection, etc.

![In-depth analysis of the evolution of the MEV landscape on Solana and its pros and cons]###https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-9d7e48c5d83aaaebd2435083142a1177.webp(

2. Differences Between Solana and Ethereum Systems

) 2.1 Ethereum MEV Landscape

MEV characteristics after the Ethereum merge:

• Block interval stability
• Validator incentives decrease, MEV market share rapidly increases
• The competition among roles such as Searcher and Builder is fierce.
• Overall return rate decreased by 62%

2.2 Features of Solana's Block Mechanism

Four core features of Solana:

1. No memory pool
2. Directly connect to the leader
3. Predictable leader
4. The leader connection strategy has staking weight.

2.3 Reasons Why Solana is Vulnerable to Attacks

• It is difficult to definitively prove that the leader has done evil.
• Transaction retries lead to longer dwell times
• Meme Narratives and High Staking Returns

2.4 Reasons for Solana Validator Easy Defection

• High Profit Temptation
• Huge hardware cost pressure
• Most validators find it difficult to profit.

![Ten Thousand Characters Interpretation of the Evolution of MEV Patterns on Solana and the Good and Bad]###https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-d0ea3d5545f1b41b4c77ef359a2a70cb.webp(

3. Solana MEV Competitive Landscape

) 3.1 Paladin

• Market share 5%, 205 validators
• Modified based on Jito-Solana client
• Focus on VIP front-running and trading protection
• Launched a controversial local arbitrage bot

3.2 bloXroute

• Network layer optimization + privacy channel protection
• Do not directly modify the Solana client
• Provide BDN acceleration and MEV-Protect RPC services

3.3 BlockRazor

• Newly established in 2024
• Positioning as "intent-centered network service provider"
• Provide MEV Protect RPC and other services

![A Comprehensive Analysis of the Evolution and Pros and Cons of MEV on Solana]###https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-6cfdeabbb13420b793e4d4a9aef56ff7.webp(

4. Summary and Outlook

) 4.1 Solana MEV Competitive Landscape Analysis

• The technical hard power will be continuously caught up.
• The lack of a Builder bidding phase is critical.
• Future competition will shift towards order flow data

![A Comprehensive Analysis of the Evolution and Pros and Cons of MEV on Solana]###https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-0fe2d1b89f7e6be6a57b3ec35d69883f.webp(

) 4.2 Jito's merits and faults regarding Solana

Skill:

• Reduce downtime rate
• Provide various application scenarios
• Enhance staking yields and decentralization

Over:

• There used to be issues selling data
• Affect ordinary transaction processing

![A Comprehensive Interpretation of the Evolution and Controversies of MEV on Solana]###https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-1bedcf584a35385c1d2e53ba74661bbf.webp(

) 4.3 Future MEV Pattern Development Trends

• High profits attract more participants
• The voices of opposition in the community promote reform
• New technology exploration: privacy trading, fair ordering, etc.

![A Comprehensive Analysis of the Evolution and Controversies of MEV on Solana]###https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-ecc0940f24ca4ebf9284217ae1bfad0c.webp(

Conclusion

The evolution of the MEV landscape will change with the development of the Solana ecosystem. In the future, new forms of applications may emerge, reshaping the MEV landscape. In the pursuit of a balance between efficiency and fairness, compliance will become a key factor.

![A Comprehensive Interpretation of the Evolution and Controversies of MEV on Solana])https://img-cdn.gateio.im/webp-social/moments-ee49c061aee6033588680193d5f668e3.webp(